Mathematics
Probability
The mathematical study of uncertainty and random events.
In-depth explanation
Probability theory underpins machine learning. Concepts include distributions (normal, Bernoulli, etc.), conditional probability, Bayes' theorem, expectation, and variance. Probabilistic models like Naive Bayes and Bayesian neural networks explicitly model uncertainty. Understanding probability is essential for ML model design and interpretation.
Examples
Softmax as probability distribution
Bayesian inference
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